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My aim in writing this book has not been to add another History of the Roman Empire to those which already exist. My purpose is more modest and much more limited. We possess very good surveys of the foreign policy of the Roman Emperors, of the constitutional history of the Roman Empire, of the system of administration, both civil and military, and of the organization of the army. Valuable work has been done in describing the municipal life of Italy and of some of the provinces, and attempts have been made to present complete pictures of the historical development of some of the provincial areas under Roman rule. We have not, however, a single book or monograph treating of the social and economic life of the Roman Empire as a whole and tracing the main lines of its evolution. There are valuable contributions dealing with one or another partial problem or with some special period. Most of these contributions, however (for example, the excellent work of L. Friedlander), have been written from the antiquarian, not from the historical, point of view, and no one has endeavoured to connect the social and economic evolution of the Empire with its constitutional and administrative development or with the home and foreign policy of the Emperors. The present volume is the first attempt of the kind. I am very well aware that it is far from satisfactory. The task has been arduous and complicated. The material is scanty and scattered. No statistics are available. The interpretation of the few data which we have is open to dispute, and most of the conclusions drawn by modem scholars are hypothetical and often arbitrary. Yet, with all its drfficulty, the task is attractive in itself. I am convinced that, without a thorough investigation of the social and economic conditions, no attempt to write a general history of the Roman Empire can be successful.
本书是影印版。《罗马帝国社会经济史》一书迄今被西方学术界公认为的著作。作者米哈伊尔·伊凡诺维奇·罗斯托夫采夫运用把西方的历史学、经济学和社会学相结合的研究方法。他以大量碑铭、钱币、建筑遗址、器皿、苇纸卷等文物作为依据,结合古代罗马作家的著述,概述了罗马帝国时期的意大利和外省的社会经济状况,提出了关于罗马帝国兴衰原因的看法。他的看法受到了西方社会经济史学界的重视,被认为自成一派,以区别于那些把奴隶占有主与奴隶之间的对抗及其尖锐化作为罗马帝国衰亡的基本原因,所以苏联一些学者把罗斯托夫采夫对罗马帝国社会经济史的研究称为“现代派”。
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