To give the child some idea of what has gone on in the world
before he arrived;
To take him out of his little self-centered, shut-in life, which
looms so large because it is so close to his eyes;
To extend his horizon, broaden his view, and open up the visits
down the ages past;
To acquaint him with some of the big events and great names and
fix these in time and space as a basis for detailed study in the
future;
To give him a chronological file with main guides, into which he
can fit in its proper place all his further historical study—
Is the purpose of this first SURVEY OF THE WORLD’S HISTORY.
⊙让孩子知道一些他们来到这世界之前就已经发生的事情；
⊙带孩子走出以自我为中心、封闭在家的生活，这种生活显得过于重要，因为太贴近，就成为孩子们眼中的一切，使他们看不到外面的世界；
⊙开阔孩子的眼界，拓宽他们的视野，将过去时代的历史画面展现在他们面前；
⊙让他们熟悉历史上一些重大事件和伟人的名字，并把这些事和人在时间和空间上确定下来，作为将来系统学习的基础；
⊙向孩子提供一份历史编年档案，并附有要览，这样他们今后学习历史就可以参照这份档案。
以上所述就是写这第一本世界历史故事的宗旨。
——维吉尔?Ｍ?希利尔（卡尔佛特首任校长，本书作者）
關於作者：
维吉尔·Ｍ·希利尔（Virgil Mores
Hillyer，1875-1931）1875年出生于美国马萨诸塞州韦茅斯，他在华盛顿特区的“国会山”度过其童年，毕业于美国哈佛大学。他是美国著名教育家、卡尔佛特学校首任校长、美国家庭学校（HOMESCHOOL）课程体系创建者。
作为一位教育革新者，希利尔在美国国内和国际上获得了广泛声誉和影响力。他从事教育工作的同时，亲自为孩子们编写教材，在课堂上试讲并修订，受到学校和学生们的赞誉，不少教材至今仍被学校使用。如《美国学生世界地理》、《美国学生世界历史》、《美国学生艺术史》等。他一直探索家庭学校教育理念并设计其课程体系，写作了一本家庭学校教育手册——《在家教出好孩子》，成为父母教育孩子的指南。
目錄：
01 How Things Started ◆ 万物起源
02 People Who Lived in Caves ◆ 穴居人
03 Fire! Fire!! Fire!!! ◆ 火！火！火！
04 From an Airplane ◆ 从飞机上往下看
05 Real History Begins ◆ 真正的历史从此开始
06 The Puzzle Writers in Egypt ◆ 埃及之谜的作者
07 The Tomb Builders ◆ 建造陵墓的人
08 A Rich Land Where There Was No Money ◆ 没有钱的富饶之地
09 The Jews Search For a Home ◆ 寻找家园的犹太人
10 Fairy-Tale Gods ◆ 神话故事中的众神
11 A Fairy-Tale War ◆ 神话故事中的战争
12 The Kings of the Jews ◆ 犹太国王
13 The People Who Made Our ABC’s ◆ 发明字母ABC 的人
14 Hard as Nails ◆ 像铁钉一样坚硬
15 The Crown of Leaves ◆ 桂冠
16 A Bad Beginning ◆ 邪恶的开端
17 Kings with Corkscrew Curls ◆ 长着螺旋形卷发的国王们
18 A City of Wonders and Wickedness ◆ 奇迹和邪恶并存的城市
19 A Surprise Party ◆ 遭到突袭的宴会
20 The Other Side of the World: India ◆ 世界的另一边：印度
21 All the Way Around the World in China ◆ 中国人的世界
22 Rich Man, Poor Man ◆ 雅典的富人和穷人
23 Rome Kicks Out Her Kings ◆ 罗马人撵走了国王
24 Greece vs. Persia ◆ 希腊对波斯
25 Fighting Mad ◆ 战争狂
26 One Against a Thousand ◆ 以一挡千
27 The Golden Age ◆ 黄金时代
28 When Greek Meets Greek ◆ 当希腊人遇上希腊人
29 Wise Men and Otherwise ◆ 智者和愚人
30 A Boy King ◆ 少年国王
31 Picking a Fight ◆ 寻衅斗殴
32 The Boot Kicks and Stamps ◆ 靴子的反击和践踏
33 The New Champion of the World ◆ 新的世界冠军
34 The Noblest Roman of Them All ◆ 罗马人中的最高贵者
35 An Emperor Who Was Made a God ◆ 被看做神明的皇帝
36 “ Thine is the Kingdom, the Power, and the Glory”
“国度、权柄、荣耀，全是你的”
37 Blood and Thunder ◆ 血和雷
38 A Good Emperor and a Bad Son ◆ 好皇帝和他的坏儿子
39 I_H_ _S_ _ _ _V_ _ _ _ _ ◆ 靠服
40 Barbarian Invaders ◆ 野蛮的入侵者
41 Barbarians Meet the Champions of the World ◆
野蛮人遭遇世界霸主
42 New Places—New Heroes ◆ 新地方，新英雄
43 Being Good ◆ 为 善
44 A Christian Kingdom in Africa ◆ 非洲的一个基督教王国
45 Muhammad and the Early Years of Islam ◆ 穆罕默德和初期的伊斯兰教
46 Arabian Days ◆ 阿拉伯时代
47 Two Empires, Two Emperors ◆ 两个帝国，两个皇帝
48 Getting a Start ◆ 启 动
49 The End of the World ◆ 世界末日
50 Real Castles ◆ 真正的城堡
51 Knights and Days of Chivalry ◆ 骑士和骑士制度时期
52 A Pirate’s Great Grandson ◆ 海盗有个了不起的孙子
53 A Great Adventure ◆ 一次伟大的历险
54 Tick-Tack-Toe; Three Kings in a Row
画“连城”游戏，三个国王成一行
55 Three Kingdoms in West Africa ◆ 西非三个王国
56 Bibles Made of Stone and Glass ◆ 石头和玻璃制作的《圣经》
57 John, Whom Nobody Loved ◆ 没人喜欢的约翰
58 A Great Story Teller ◆ 一位了不起的讲故事的人
59 A Magic Needle and A Magic Powder ◆“ 魔针”和“魔粉”
60 Thelon Gest Wart Hate Verwas ◆ 历史上时间最长的战争
61 Print and Powder ◆ 印刷术和火药——新旧时代的交替
62 A Sailor Who Found a New World ◆ 一个发现“新”大陆的水手
63 Fortune Hunters ◆ 寻找财富的探险家
64 The Search for Gold and Adventure ◆ 寻金和探险
65 Along the Coast of East Africa ◆ 沿着东非海岸
66 Rebirth ◆ 再 生
67 Christians Quarrel ◆ 基督徒的争吵
68 Queen Elizabeth ◆ 伊丽莎白女王
69 The Age of Elizabeth ◆ 伊丽莎白时代
70 James the Servant ◆ 仆人詹姆斯
71 A King Who Lost His Head ◆ 掉了脑袋的国王
72 Red Cap and Red Heels ◆ 红帽子和红鞋跟
73 A Self-Made Man ◆ 靠自己奋斗成功的人
74 A Prince Who Ran Away ◆ 逃跑的王子
75 America Gets Rid of Her King ◆ 美国摆脱了国王
76 Upside Down ◆ 天翻地覆
77 A Little Giant ◆ 矮小的巨人
78 Latin America and the Caribbean Islands ◆
拉丁美洲和加勒比海群岛
79 From Pan and His Pipes to the Phonograph ◆
从森林之神的排箫到留声机
80 The Daily Papers of 1854-1865 ◆ 1854-1865 年的日报
81 Three New Postage Stamps ◆ 三张新邮票
82 The Age of Miracles ◆ 产生奇迹的时代
83 A Different Kind of Revolution ◆ 另一种革命
84 A World at War ◆ 陷入战争的世界
85 A Short Twenty Years ◆ 短短二十年
86 Modern Barbarians ◆ 现代“野蛮人”
87 Fighting the Dictators ◆ 对抗独裁者
88 A New Spirit in the World ◆ 世界新精神
89 Yesterday, Today, and Tomorrow ◆ 昨天、今天、明天
內容試閱：
02
People Who Lived in Caves
穴居人
How do you suppose I know about all these things that took place
so long ago?
I don’t.
I’m only guessing about them.
But there are different kinds of guesses. If I hold out my two
closed hands and ask you to guess which one has the penny in it,
that is one kind of a guess.
Your guess might be right or it might be wrong. It would be just
luck.
But there is another kind of guess. When there is snow on the
ground and I see tracks of a boot in the snow, I guess that a
person must have passed by, for boots don’t usually walk without
someone in them. That kind of guess is not just luck but common
sense.
So we can guess about a great many things that have taken place
long ago, even though there was no one there at the time to see
them or tell about them.
We have dug down deep under the ground in different parts of the
world and have found there—what do you suppose?
I don’t believe you would ever guess.
We have found the heads of arrows and spears and hatchets.
The peculiar thing about these arrows and spears and hatchets is
that they are not made of iron or steel, as you might expect, but
of stone.
Now, we are sure that only human beings could have made and used
such things, for birds and fish or other animals do not use
hatchets or spears. We are also sure that these people must have
lived long, long years ago before iron and steel were known,
because it must have taken long, long years for these things to
have become covered up so deep by dust and dirt. We have also found
the bones of the people themselves, who died several million years
ago, long before anyone began to write down history. The oldest
bones we have ever found were in East Africa. We know that people
long ago were working and playing, eating and fighting—doing many
of the same things we are today—especially the fighting.
This time in the prehistory of the world, when people used such
things made of stone, is therefore called the Stone Age.
Life was hard for Stone Age people. They didn’t have all the
things we are used to having today.
Some wild animals make houses. Foxes dig holes, beavers make
houses of sticks and mud. These first people probably had no houses
of any sort in which to live. They simply found any shelter they
could. They found caves in the rocks or in the hillsides where they
could get away from the cold and storms and wild animals. So men,
women, and children of this time were called Cave People.
They spent their days hunting some animals and running and hiding
from others. They caught animals by trapping them in a pit covered
over with bushes, or they killed them with a club or a rock if they
had a chance, or with stone headed arrows or hatchets. They even
painted or cut pictures of these animals on the walls of their
caves. Some of these pictures we can still see today.
They lived on berries and nuts and seeds. They robbed the nests
of birds for the eggs, which they ate raw, for at first they had no
fire with which to cook.
They liked to drink the warm blood of animals they killed, as you
would a glass of milk.
They talked to each other by some sort of grunts or very simple
words. They made clothes of skins of animals they killed, for there
was no such thing as cloth.
These early people must have spent most of their time hunting for
food or trying to get away from animals hunting them for food. They
had no thick hide like an elephant to protect them; they did not
grow a coat of fur like a bear to keep them warm; they could not
run very fast, like a deer to escape their enemies; they were no
match for an animal with sharp teeth and claws and strong muscles
like a lion. It’s a wonder any of them lived to grow up.
Stone Age people had two things that helped them more than sharp
claws, or strong muscles, or tough skins. They had better brains
than the animals. And they had hands instead of front feet. With
their brains they could think. They could think of ways of doing
things better.
With their brains they could think of using tools. With their
hands they could make tools and use them. Instead of sharp teeth,
men could use spears. In place of a furry skin to keep them warm,
men could use the skins of animals.
Suppose you had been a boy or a girl in the Stone Age. I wonder
how you would have liked the life.
When you woke up in the morning, you would not have bathed or
even washed your hands and face or brushed your teeth or combed
your hair.
You ate with your fingers, for there were no knives or forks or
spoons or cups or saucers, only one bowl—which your mother had made
out of mud and dried in the sun to hold water to drink—no dishes to
wash and put away, no chairs, no tables, no table manners.
There were no books, no paper, no pencils.
There was no Saturday or Sunday, January or July. Except that one
day was warm and sunny or another cold and rainy, they were all
alike. There was no school to go to.
There was nothing to do all day long but make mud pies or pick
berries or play tag with your brothers and sisters.
I wonder how you would like that kind of life!
“Fine!” do you think?—“a great life—just like camping out”?
But I have only told you part of the story.
The cave would have been cold and damp and dark, with only the
bare ground or a pile of leaves for a bed. There would probably
have been bats and big spiders sharing the cave with you.
You might have had on the skin of some animal your father had
killed, but as this only covered part of your body and as there was
no fire, you would have felt cold in winter, and when it got very
cold you might have frozen to death.
For breakfast you might have had some dried berries or grass seed
or a piece of raw meat, for lunch the same thing, for dinner still
the same thing.
You would never have had any bread or cheese or griddlecakes with
syrup, or oatmeal with sugar on it, or apple pie or ice
cream.
There was nothing to do all day long but watch out for wild
animals—bears and tigers; for there was no door with lock and key,
and a tiger, if he found you out, could go wherever you went and
“get you” even in your cave.
And then some day your father or brother, who had left the cave
in the morning to go hunting, would not return, and you would know
he had been torn to pieces by some wild beast, and you would wonder
how long before your turn would come.
Do you think you would like to have lived then?
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